-
1.
Fluorine Chemistry in Rechargeable Batteries: Challenges, Progress, and Perspectives.
Wang, Y, Yang, X, Meng, Y, Wen, Z, Han, R, Hu, X, Sun, B, Kang, F, Li, B, Zhou, D, et al
Chemical reviews. 2024;(6):3494-3589
Abstract
The renewable energy industry demands rechargeable batteries that can be manufactured at low cost using abundant resources while offering high energy density, good safety, wide operating temperature windows, and long lifespans. Utilizing fluorine chemistry to redesign battery configurations/components is considered a critical strategy to fulfill these requirements due to the natural abundance, robust bond strength, and extraordinary electronegativity of fluorine and the high free energy of fluoride formation, which enables the fluorinated components with cost effectiveness, nonflammability, and intrinsic stability. In particular, fluorinated materials and electrode|electrolyte interphases have been demonstrated to significantly affect reaction reversibility/kinetics, safety, and temperature tolerance of rechargeable batteries. However, the underlining principles governing material design and the mechanistic insights of interphases at the atomic level have been largely overlooked. This review covers a wide range of topics from the exploration of fluorine-containing electrodes, fluorinated electrolyte constituents, and other fluorinated battery components for metal-ion shuttle batteries to constructing fluoride-ion batteries, dual-ion batteries, and other new chemistries. In doing so, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the structure-property interactions, the features of fluorinated interphases, and cutting-edge techniques for elucidating the role of fluorine chemistry in rechargeable batteries. Further, we present current challenges and promising strategies for employing fluorine chemistry, aiming to advance the electrochemical performance, wide temperature operation, and safety attributes of rechargeable batteries.
-
2.
Revealing the clinical effect and biological mechanism of acupuncture in COPD: A review.
Shi, F, Cao, J, Zhou, D, Wang, X, Yang, H, Liu, T, Chen, Z, Zeng, J, Du, S, Yang, L, et al
Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie. 2024;:115926
Abstract
BACKGROUND To provide new ideas for the clinical and mechanism research of acupuncture in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), this study systematically reviews clinical research and the progress of basic research of acupuncture in the treatment of COPD. METHODS PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched using acupuncture and COPD as keywords in the last 10 years, and the included literature was determined according to exclusion criteria. FINDINGS Acupuncture can relieve clinical symptoms, improve exercise tolerance, anxiety, and nutritional status, as well as hemorheological changes (blood viscosity), reduce the inflammatory response, and reduce the duration and frequency of COPD in patients with COPD. Mechanistically, acupuncture inhibits M1 macrophage activity, reduces neutrophil infiltration, reduces inflammatory factor production in alveolar type II epithelial cells, inhibits mucus hypersecretion of airway epithelial cells, inhibits the development of chronic inflammation in COPD, and slows tissue structure destruction. Acupuncture may control pulmonary COPD inflammation through the vagal-cholinergic anti-inflammatory, vagal-adrenomedullary-dopamine, vagal-dual-sensory nerve fiber-pulmonary, and CNS-hypothalamus-orexin pathways. Furthermore, acupuncture can increase endogenous cortisol levels by inhibiting the HPA axis, thus improving airway antioxidant capacity and reducing airway inflammation in COPD. In conclusion, the inhibition of the chronic inflammatory response is the key mechanism of acupuncture treatment for COPD.
-
3.
Prevalence, factors and early outcomes of frailty among hospitalized older patients with valvular heart disease: A prospective observational cohort study.
Shen, Z, Zhang, Y, Zhou, D, Lv, J, Huang, C, Chen, Y, Zhang, Y, Lin, Y
Nursing open. 2024;(3):e2122
Abstract
AIM: The aim was to investigate the prevalence of, and factors related to frailty, together with early clinical outcomes, in hospitalized older patients with valvular heart disease (VHD) in China. DESIGN A prospective observational cohort study was conducted. METHODS A validated prospective survey was conducted to assess the prevalence of frailty, factors associated with it, and early clinical outcomes in hospitalized older patients with VHD, utilizing Fried's criterion. A total of 207 consecutive participants aged 65 years and older who underwent cardiac surgery were included in the study, spanning from September 2021 to December 2021. RESULTS Frailty was detected in 78 patients (37.7%). Patients with multimorbidity, a New York Heart Association (NYHA) class of III/IV, or masticatory dysfunction had a greater incidence of frailty (p < 0.05). Patients with a normal albumin level and a higher frequency of exercise had a lower incidence of frailty (p < 0.05). Patients with frailty had longer hospital and intensive care unit stays and greater hospitalization costs than did those without frailty (p < 0.05). The 30-day adverse event rate of the frail group was also greater (11.5% vs. 3.1%). Therefore, early screening for conditions such as multimorbidity, cardiac dysfunction, and hypoalbuminemia is urgently needed to effectively address frailty, as it has been linked to unfavourable early outcomes. Moreover, promoting exercise and improving masticatory function and nutrition are crucial for preventing and managing frailty in older patients with VHD.
-
4.
Home-based mobile-guided exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation among patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (REHAB-TAVR): protocol for a randomised clinical trial.
Shen, Z, Mi, S, Huang, C, Zhou, D, Pan, W, Xu, X, Lin, Y, Zhang, Y
BMJ open. 2024;(3):e080042
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a standard treatment for aortic stenosis, particularly in older adults. Reduced exercise capacity and frailty significantly impact outcomes in TAVR patients, yet current management lacks strategies to address these issues. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of home-based mobile-guided exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation in TAVR patients, led by a multidisciplinary team with clear progression milestones. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The study involves 90 patients aged 60-89 in a single centre who will be randomised to a 3-month novel multidomain exercise intervention or routine care. Outcome assessors will be blinded towards group allocation. The primary outcome is the 6-min walk distance at month 3. The secondary outcomes include the 6-min walk distance at month 6, physical function measured by total Short Physical Performance Battery score and exercise adherence measured by the Exercise Adherence Rating Scale at months 3 and 6. Additional outcome measures, including rehospitalisations, death, handgrip strength, frailty (Fried Criteria and Essential Toolset), cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Examination), quality of life (EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-Level), nutritional status (Mini-Nutritional Assessment), anxiety (General Anxiety Disorder-7), depression (Geriatric Depression Scale), sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), functional capacity (Duke Activity Status Index), clinical indices (body mass index, symptoms, signs, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide, etc) and social support (Lubben Social Network Scale-6), along with comprehensive cost analysis, enhance the study's significance. The study's findings hold crucial implications for crafting an effective exercise-focused cardiac rehabilitation strategy for TAVR patients. Community implementation not only deepens understanding but also fosters the potential integration of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation into self-care, promising enhanced patient adherence and overall cardiovascular health management. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval was obtained from the Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University Ethics Committee (B2022-062R). Results will be disseminated to local stakeholders and the research community through publications and conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05989594.
-
5.
[Precision nutritional therapy in gastrointestinal tumor].
Zhou, D, Wang, SJ, Wang, XY
Zhonghua wei chang wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of gastrointestinal surgery. 2024;(3):225-230
Abstract
Apart from individual genetic background, unhealthy lifestyle and diet, etc., nutrition also plays an important role in the occurrence and progression of gastrointestinal tumors. Although some patients with gastrointestinal tumors can be satisfied with the traditional nutritional support, it is apparently inadequate for the systemic management of all patients. Precision nutrition support, also known as personalized nutrition support, refers to safe and efficient individualized nutrition intervention based on the investigation of individual genetic background, life characteristics, metabolic indicators, intestinal microbial characteristics, and physiological status factors through big data analysis for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. This review focuses on the relationship between nutrition and gastrointestinal tumors and discusses the progress of precision nutrition support therapy in the gastrointestinal tumors. Based on this, we hope to achieve effective personalized intervention protocols, and improve the clinical outcome and the overall oncology care of gastrointestinal tumors.
-
6.
Effect of early achievement of energy target by different nutritional support strategies on nosocomial infections in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery: a secondary analysis of two randomized clinical trials.
Gao, X, Zhang, L, Zhang, Y, Zhou, D, Gao, T, Liu, Y, Jin, G, Wang, K, Zhou, Y, Chi, Q, et al
International journal of surgery (London, England). 2023;(9):2680-2688
-
-
Free full text
-
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of early achievement of energy targets (EAETs) using different nutritional support strategies in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery is unclear. This study determined the impact of EAETs on the incidence of nosocomial infections in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. METHODS This was a secondary analysis of two open-label randomized clinical trials. Patients from the general surgery department of 11 academic hospitals in China undergoing major abdominal surgery and at nutritional risk (Nutritional risk screening 2002≥3) were divided into two groups based on whether they met the 70% energy targets, the EAET (521 EAET and non-achievement of energy target (114 NAET) groups. The primary outcome was the incidence of nosocomial infections between postoperative day 3 and discharge, and the secondary outcomes were actual energy and protein intake, postoperative noninfectious complications, intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation, and hospital stay. RESULTS Overall, 635 patients [mean (SD) age, 59.5 (11.3) years] were included. The EAET group received more mean energy between days 3 and 7 than the NAET group (22.7±5.0 vs. 15.1±4.8 kcal/kg/d; P <0.001). The EAET group had significantly fewer nosocomial infections than the NAET group [46/521(8.8%) vs. 21/114(18.4%); risk difference, 9.6%; 95% CI, 2.1-17.1%; P =0.004]. A significant difference was found in the mean (SD) number of noninfectious complications between the EAET and NAET groups [121/521(23.2%) vs. 38/114(33.3%); risk difference, 10.1%; 95% CI, 0.7-19.5%; P =0.024]. The nutritional status of the EAET group was significantly improved at discharge compared with the NAET group ( P <0.001), and other indicators were comparable between groups. CONCLUSION EAETs was associated with fewer nosocomial infections and improved clinical outcomes, regardless of the nutritional support strategy (early enteral nutrition alone or combined with early supplemental parenteral nutrition).
-
7.
Ferroptosis and metabolic syndrome and complications: association, mechanism, and translational applications.
Zhou, D, Lu, P, Mo, X, Yang, B, Chen, T, Yao, Y, Xiong, T, Yue, L, Yang, X
Frontiers in endocrinology. 2023;:1248934
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a medical condition characterized by several metabolic disorders in the body. Long-term metabolic disorders raise the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, it is essential to actively explore the aetiology of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its comorbidities to provide effective treatment options. Ferroptosis is a new form of cell death that is characterized by iron overload, lipid peroxide accumulation, and decreased glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4) activity, and it involves the pathological processes of a variety of diseases. Lipid deposition caused by lipid diseases and iron overload is significant in metabolic syndrome, providing the theoretical conditions for developing ferroptosis. Recent studies have found that the major molecules of ferroptosis are linked to common metabolic syndrome consequences, such as T2DM and atherosclerosis. In this review, we first discussed the mechanics of ferroptosis, the regulatory function of inducers and inhibitors of ferroptosis, and the significance of iron loading in MetS. Next, we summarized the role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of MetS, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis. Finally, we discussed relevant ferroptosis-targeted therapies and raised some crucial issues of concern to provide directions for future Mets-related treatments and research.
-
8.
KCNH2 variants in a family with epilepsy and long QT syndrome: A case report and literature review.
Zhou, Y, Hao, N, Sander, JW, Lin, X, Xiong, W, Zhou, D
Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotape. 2023;(4):492-499
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Genes associated with Long QT syndromes (LQTS), such as KCNQ1, KCNH2, and SCN5A, are common causes of epilepsy. The Arg 744* variant of KCNH2 has been previously reported in people with epilepsy or LQTS, but none of these patients were reported to simultaneously suffer from epilepsy and LQTS. Herein, we report the case of a family with epilepsy and cardiac disorders. METHOD The proband, a 25-year-old woman, with a family history of epilepsy and LQTS was followed at West China Hospital. The proband experienced her first seizure at the age of seven. Video electroencephalograms (vEEGs) showed epileptic discharges. Her 24-h dynamic electrocardiograms 2 (ECGs) showed QTc prolongation. The proband's mother, who is 50 years old, had her first generalized tonic-clonic seizure (GTCS) at the age of 18 years old. After she gave birth at the age of 25, the frequency of seizures increased, so antiepileptic therapy was initiated. When she was 28 years old, she complained of palpitations and syncope for the first time, and QTc prolongation was detected on her 24-h dynamic ECGs. The proband's grandmother also had complaints of palpitations and syncope at the age of 73. Her 24-h dynamic ECGs indicated supraventricular arrhythmia, with the lowest heart rate being 41 bpm, so she agreed to a pacemaker. Considering the young patient's family history, blood samples of the patient and her parents were collected for genetic analysis. RESULTS A heterozygous variant of KCNH2 [c.2230 (exon9) C>T, p. Arg744Ter, 416, NM_000238, rs189014161] was found in the proband and her mother. According to the guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology, we classified the KCNH2 variant as pathogenic. SIGNIFICANCE This study expands the clinical phenotype of the Arg 744* KCNH2 pathogenic variant. In the context of channelopathies, because of the genetic susceptibility of the brain and the heart, the risk of comorbidity should be considered. This also indicates the importance of precise antiepileptic drug (AED) management and regular ECG monitoring for patients with channelopathies.
-
9.
Ferroptosis landscape in prostate cancer from molecular and metabolic perspective.
Liang, J, Liao, Y, Wang, P, Yang, K, Wang, Y, Wang, K, Zhong, B, Zhou, D, Cao, Q, Li, J, et al
Cell death discovery. 2023;(1):128
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a major disease that threatens men's health. Its rapid progression, easy metastasis, and late castration resistance have brought obstacles to treatment. It is necessary to find new effective anticancer methods. Ferroptosis is a novel iron-dependent programmed cell death that plays a role in various cancers. Understanding how ferroptosis is regulated in prostate cancer will help us to use it as a new way to kill cancer cells. In this review, we summarize the regulation and role of ferroptosis in prostate cancer and the relationship with AR from the perspective of metabolism and molecular pathways. We also discuss the feasibility of ferroptosis in prostate cancer treatment and describe current limitations and prospects, providing a reference for future research and clinical application of ferroptosis.
-
10.
Metabolic reprogramming of three major nutrients in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.
Yan, J, Xu, F, Zhou, D, Zhang, S, Zhang, B, Meng, Q, Lv, Q
Frontiers in oncology. 2023;:1231460
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a phenomenon in which cancer cells alter their metabolic pathways to support their uncontrolled growth and survival. Platinum-based chemotherapy resistance is associated with changes in glucose metabolism, amino acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and tricarboxylic acid cycle. These changes lead to the creation of metabolic intermediates that can provide precursors for the biosynthesis of cellular components and help maintain cellular energy homeostasis. This article reviews the research progress of the metabolic reprogramming mechanism of platinumbased chemotherapy resistance caused by three major nutrients in ovarian cancer.